Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems ( which has since been acquired by Oracle) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. As of 2019, Java was one of the most popular programming languages in use according to GitHub, particularly for client-server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers.

The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as reflection and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages. The syntax of Java is similar to C and C++, but has fewer low-level facilities than either of them. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture.

It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere (WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation. Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. Static, strong, safe, nominative, manifestĬLU, Simula67, Lisp, Smalltalk, Ada 83, C++, C#, Eiffel, Mesa, Modula-3, Oberon, Objective-C, UCSD Pascal, Object Pascal Īda 2005, BeanShell, C#, Chapel, Clojure, ECMAScript, Fantom, Gambas, Groovy, Hack, Haxe, J#, Kotlin, PHP, Python, Scala, Seed7, Vala, JavaScript

Free java programming books